Accessibility Tools

  • Content scaling 100%
  • Font size 100%
  • Line height 100%
  • Letter spacing 100%

December 2023, no. 460

Welcome to the December issue of ABR! This month we feature illuminating commentary by Bain Attwood, Anne Twomey and Joel Deane on the historical, legal, and political implications of the Voice referendum defeat. Elsewhere, thirty-nine critics nominate their Books of the Year,  James Ley writes about Ralph Ellison, Brenda Walker considers a selection of notes and letters from Alex Miller, and David Trigger reviews Michael Gawenda’s deeply personal memoir which reflects on his Jewish identity. We also review new fiction from Charlotte Wood, Suzie Miller, Tony Birch, and Laura Jean McKay. Heading Backstage, our Q&A guest is Ruth Mackenzie, Director of the Adelaide Festival.

Backstage with Ruth Mackenzie
Free Article: No
Contents Category: Interview
Custom Article Title: Backstage with Ruth Mackenzie
Review Article: Yes
Show Author Link: No
Article Title: Backstage with Ruth Mackenzie
Online Only: No
Custom Highlight Text:

Ruth Mackenzie has more than forty years’ experience in the arts world. A former director of Holland Festival, Manchester International Festival, and Chichester Festival, Mackenzie oversaw the official cultural program for the 2012 London Olympics and was Artistic Director for the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris. She also worked on the first Manchester International Festival as General Director, as Dramaturg for the Vienna Festival, and has directed the Scottish Opera and major theatres in Nottingham and Chichester. She is Artistic Director of the Adelaide Festival, with responsibility for the festivals from 2024 to 2026.

Article Hero Image (920px wide):
Article Hero Image Caption: (Andrew Beveridge)
Related Article Image (300px * 400px):
Alt Tag (Related Article Image): Backstage with Ruth Mackenzie
Featured Image (400px * 250px):
Alt Tag (Featured Image): Backstage with Ruth Mackenzie
Display Review Rating: No

Ruth Mackenzie has more than forty years’ experience in the arts world. A former director of Holland Festival, Manchester International Festival, and Chichester Festival, Mackenzie oversaw the official cultural program for the 2012 London Olympics and was Artistic Director for the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris. She also worked on the first Manchester International Festival as General Director, as Dramaturg for the Vienna Festival, and has directed the Scottish Opera and major theatres in Nottingham and Chichester. She is Artistic Director of the Adelaide Festival, with responsibility for the festivals from 2024 to 2026.


What was the first performance that made a deep impression on you?

As a child, I was lucky to see Peter Brook’s production of A Midsummer Night’s Dream. This was the first time I understood the power of a theatre director to change your understanding of a play and draw out of the text a vision you would never forget. It was the start of my lifelong adoration of great directors and their productions.

When did you realise that you wanted to be an artist yourself?

I am not an artist, which I realised when I watched Pierre Boulez rehearsing Pli Selon Pli with the BBC Symphony Orchestra. His musical genius, his technical precision, his generosity in listening to and supporting the musicians was breathtaking. I knew then I wanted to work with artists to create world-class, world-changing art.

What’s the most brilliant individual performance you have ever seen?

Very hard to pick just one! At the London 2012 Festival (the official cultural festival for the London Olympics & Paralympics), Pina Bausch proposed her most ambitious project ever – the presentation of her World Cities series, each created in a residency in a different World City; and Elizabeth Streb proposed a series of new commissions called ‘One Extraordinary Day’, each on a London landmark, climaxing in a dance piece made 400 metres above the ground by dancers clipped to the spokes of the London Eye. And they happened at the same time … how can I choose!

Name three performers you would like to work with?

Also on my list of the most brilliant individual performances I have ever seen is Robert Lepage as Hamlet in Elsinore (we worked with him on the UK première in Nottingham Playhouse). He was a bit nervous performing Shakespeare in English in England, but it was so extraordinary. I have worked with Robert many times since 1993 and I am so happy he is coming to Adelaide for the 2024 Festival. At Manchester International Festival and again at the Holland Festival in Amsterdam, I worked with the great visual artist and Oscar-winning film director Steve McQueen, who is always top of my list as an artist making world-changing art. Closer to home here in Australia, I worked with Cate Blanchett on her ground-breaking production of Big and Little by Botho Strauss for Sydney, Vienna, Paris, London. Of all her extraordinary achievements as a performer, this must take the prize.

Do you have a favourite song?

Everybody has their personal playlist they turn to for joy and comfort. I will pick ‘God Only Knows’ by the Beach Boys from my playlist.

And your favourite play or opera?

The Rake’s Progress by Stravinsky. (But that is a hard question to ask somebody who has run an opera company in Scotland and an opera house in Paris.)

Who is your favourite writer – and your favourite composer?

You often find your favourites in childhood, and so mine are lifelong friends found early in life – Jane Austen and J.S. Bach.

How do you regard the audience?

I love and respect audiences. During the festival, listening to audience members talking about the shows is one of the most important and enjoyable parts of my job. Actually, talk to me anytime, not just during the festival.

What’s your favourite theatrical venue in Australia?

Here in Adelaide, the Odeon Theatre is both beautiful and, thanks to Dan Riley, his dancers and team, it has the perfect welcome for audiences and artists – a safe space for adventure and innovation.

What do you look for in arts critics?

Truth and expert knowledge. It is a tough time for art critics, but we need you as guides and critical friends.

Do you read your own reviews?

Yes, of course.

Money aside, what makes being an artist difficult – or wonderful – in Australia?

Money is always top of the list, but from my many conversations with talented emerging artists, I think there is a shortage of safe spaces where they can develop their work, supported by dramaturgs, producers, artistic directors. We would love to set up a Talent Lab, a safe space where, with experienced artistic director colleagues, we can support the development of ambitious new work by our future stars.

What’s the single biggest thing governments could do for artists?

Creativity is the most important element for success across the whole business sector, and the creative industries are major engines for economic growth. Artists are vital because of what they contribute to society, but the core skills of the arts and artists are also vital in education, health, community cohesion, economic development, all parts of government. We can help governments achieve their most important social and economic goals. Don’t think of us as something irrelevant on the margins. Let us help you.

What advice would you give an aspiring artist?

Think big. Don’t censor your vision and dreams because you fear they are too ambitious. Don’t say what you think people want to hear – your job is to change our minds, open our eyes, inspire and move us.

What’s the best advice you have ever received?

Defend and protect the artists. Artistic directors are human shields to protect artists and their visions. Our job is to make sure artists can do their job.

What’s your next project or performance?

Easy answer: Adelaide Festival 1–17 March 2024. Please come! 

Write comment (0 Comments)
Francesca Sasnaitis reviews The Things We Live With: Essays on uncertainty by Gemma Nisbet
Free Article: No
Contents Category: Essay Collection
Review Article: Yes
Show Author Link: Yes
Article Title: Intimate encounters
Article Subtitle: An excavation of the past
Online Only: No
Custom Highlight Text:

The interconnected essays in Gemma Nisbet’s début collection, The Things We Live With, revolve around a premise that is as familiar as Marcel Proust’s madeleines or W.G. Sebald’s images: that things – objects, documents, photographs, even colours – evoke memories of the past. Her essays shift seamlessly from childhood to adult travels, jobs, relationships, and the problems that can lurk beneath a functional exterior.

Featured Image (400px * 250px):
Alt Tag (Featured Image): Francesca Sasnaitis reviews 'The Things We Live With: Essays on uncertainty' by Gemma Nisbet
Book 1 Title: The Things We Live With
Book 1 Subtitle: Essays on uncertainty
Book Author: Gemma Nisbet
Book 1 Biblio: Upswell, $29.99 pb, 220 pp
Book 1 Author Type: Author
Book 1 Cover Small (400 x 600):
Book 1 Cover (800 x 1200):
Display Review Rating: No

The interconnected essays in Gemma Nisbet’s début collection, The Things We Live With, revolve around a premise that is as familiar as Marcel Proust’s madeleines or W.G. Sebald’s images: that things – objects, documents, photographs, even colours – evoke memories of the past. Her essays shift seamlessly from childhood to adult travels, jobs, relationships, and the problems that can lurk beneath a functional exterior.

Nisbet begins with ‘Edward Sylvester Hynes’, in the aftermath of her father’s death and the grief associated with sorting through the ephemera he left behind. Among other things she had forgotten or not seen before, she recognises a painting by Hynes, faithfully hauled by her father from residence to residence. This ‘intimate encounter with stuff’ renews her grief. Nisbet’s excavation of the past comes with the hope that discovering the source of her anxiety and depression might give her, if not a cure, at least a modicum of understanding. The problem she faces is that younger manifestations of our parents are unknowable and can only be surmised from what little evidence remains.

Read more: Francesca Sasnaitis reviews 'The Things We Live With: Essays on uncertainty' by Gemma Nisbet

Write comment (0 Comments)
Michael McKernan reviews Men at War: Australia, Syria, Java 1940–1942 by James Mitchell
Free Article: No
Contents Category: Military History
Review Article: Yes
Show Author Link: Yes
Article Title: A thousand strangers
Article Subtitle: A prodigious history of a battalion
Online Only: No
Custom Highlight Text:

There is an honoured tradition of battalion histories in Australia, particularly from World War I. The best of them tell us something of the individuals who served Australia well. This book takes battalion histories to an entirely new level. It is the most complete, and the most absorbing, account of a battalion I have ever read.

Featured Image (400px * 250px):
Alt Tag (Featured Image): Michael McKernan reviews 'Men at War: Australia, Syria, Java 1940–1942' by James Mitchell
Book 1 Title: Men at War
Book 1 Subtitle: Australia, Syria, Java 1940–1942
Book Author: James Mitchell
Book 1 Biblio: Hardie Grant Books, $49.99 hb, 643 pp
Book 1 Author Type: Author
Book 1 Cover Small (400 x 600):
Book 1 Cover (800 x 1200):
Display Review Rating: No

There is an honoured tradition of battalion histories in Australia, particularly from World War I. The best of them tell us something of the individuals who served Australia well. This book takes battalion histories to an entirely new level. It is the most complete, and the most absorbing, account of a battalion I have ever read.

James Mitchell calls his account of the 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion a social history. It is most certainly that. The Melbourne Argus described a Pioneer Battalion for its readers: ‘Pioneers are now specialist troops [in early times] they were used mainly for trench digging … and road building [whereas now] they will really be super-infantry battalions.’

The detail in this book is simply extraordinary. Recruitment, training, and the life of the battalion at camps at Puckapunyal and Balcombe, and at sea on HMT Queen Mary, occupy the first 163 pages of the book. Many battalion historians rush through the creation of the battalion in a few pages, eager to get their men to war.

Is Mitchell’s account of camp life as the battalion forms simply a prelude? Not a bit of it. It is full of fascinating insights into the making of a living human institution. The account is quirky, sometimes humorous, but always thoroughly absorbing. Mitchell asks, ‘How do a thousand strangers become a community?’ He answers this question with a unique focus on the details of many individuals who made up the battalion. Men at War is a book about people.

Read more: Michael McKernan reviews 'Men at War: Australia, Syria, Java 1940–1942' by James Mitchell

Write comment (0 Comments)
John Zubrzycki reviews Australia’s Pivot to India by Andrew Charlton
Free Article: No
Contents Category: India
Review Article: Yes
Show Author Link: Yes
Article Title: Dosti and the diaspora
Article Subtitle: Australia’s overdue interest in India
Online Only: No
Custom Highlight Text:

In April 1990, Australia’s high commissioner to New Delhi, Graham Feakes, was in the final year of a six-year posting. Still regarded as one of Australia’s finest diplomats, he had worked tirelessly to invigorate a relationship that had been allowed to drift aimlessly for decades. Under his watch, in 1986 Rajiv Gandhi made the first visit by an Indian prime minister to Australia in almost two decades. Bob Hawke reciprocated shortly afterwards. Ministerial commissions and senior level officials’ groups were established. Aid was set to increase.

Article Hero Image (920px wide):
Article Hero Image Caption: Anthony Albanese and Narendra Modi in New Delhi, 2023 (photograph by Sondeep Shankar/ Pacific Press Media Production Corp/Alamy Live News)
Featured Image (400px * 250px):
Alt Tag (Featured Image): John Zubrzycki reviews 'Australia’s Pivot to India' by Andrew Charlton
Book 1 Title: Australia's Pivot to India
Book Author: Andrew Charlton
Book 1 Biblio: Black Inc., $32.99 pb, 253 pp
Book 1 Author Type: Author
Book 1 Cover Small (400 x 600):
Book 1 Cover (800 x 1200):
Display Review Rating: No

In April 1990, Australia’s high commissioner to New Delhi, Graham Feakes, was in the final year of a six-year posting. Still regarded as one of Australia’s finest diplomats, he had worked tirelessly to invigorate a relationship that had been allowed to drift aimlessly for decades. Under his watch, in 1986 Rajiv Gandhi made the first visit by an Indian prime minister to Australia in almost two decades. Bob Hawke reciprocated shortly afterwards. Ministerial commissions and senior level officials’ groups were established. Aid was set to increase.

Feakes was determined to leave on a high note, but on the morning of 24 April 1990 he was summoned to India’s Ministry of External Affairs for a humiliating dressing down over an ‘unfortunate and regrettable decision’ that threatened ‘the stability of the region’. At a time of heightened tension on the subcontinent and without seeking Feakes’s advice, Australia’s defence department had announced the sale of fifty decommissioned Mirage fighter jets to India’s arch-enemy, Pakistan. Indo-Australian relations went into a decade-long deep freeze. I remember the crisis vividly. As the High Commission’s press secretary, I was charged with the impossible task of putting a positive spin on a disastrous decision.

Read more: John Zubrzycki reviews 'Australia’s Pivot to India' by Andrew Charlton

Write comment (0 Comments)
Judith Bishop reviews Algorithmic Intimacy: The digital revolution in personal relationships by Anthony Elliott
Free Article: No
Contents Category: Science and Technology
Review Article: Yes
Show Author Link: Yes
Article Title: Intimate bonds
Article Subtitle: Novel worlds of experience
Online Only: No
Custom Highlight Text:

In May 2021, scientists at Woebot Health, a US-based artificial intelligence company, published a paper titled ‘Evidence of Human-Level Bonds Established with a Digital Conversational Agent’. Reading it back then, I felt like a door had suddenly opened from nowhere. But not just any door: this one led directly to a passage into human inner life and one of its most intimate dimensions: the nature and experience of emotional bonding.

Featured Image (400px * 250px):
Alt Tag (Featured Image): Judith Bishop reviews 'Algorithmic Intimacy: The digital revolution in personal relationships' by Anthony Elliott
Book 1 Title: Algorithmic Intimacy
Book 1 Subtitle: The digital revolution in personal relationships
Book Author: Anthony Elliott
Book 1 Biblio: Polity Press, $32.95 pb, 220 pp
Book 1 Author Type: Author
Book 1 Cover Small (400 x 600):
Book 1 Cover (800 x 1200):
Display Review Rating: No

In May 2021, scientists at Woebot Health, a US-based artificial intelligence company, published a paper titled ‘Evidence of Human-Level Bonds Established with a Digital Conversational Agent’. Reading it back then, I felt like a door had suddenly opened from nowhere. But not just any door: this one led directly to a passage into human inner life and one of its most intimate dimensions: the nature and experience of emotional bonding.

Woebot claimed that the sort of empathetic bonds which help to motivate behavioural change through therapies like CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) are possible to form with an artificial intelligence chatbot. The implications for its marketing were clear. What might have seemed most human in therapeutic exchanges could in fact be automated, made available at scale, to anyone in need, at any time. ‘The ability to establish a bond, and to do so with millions of people simultaneously, is the secret to unlocking the potential of digital therapeutics like never before,’ states the company’s website. If ‘intimacy has a quality of enchantment’ (Anthony Elliott), then the human enchantment of therapeutic bonding was about to take off in app stores around the globe.

In 2018, I published an essay on the emerging complex of intimate data and machine intelligence, ‘O Brave New World That Has Such Data In’t: Love and self-understanding in an algorithmic age’ (PN Review 242). ‘With massive datasets,’ I wrote, ‘will come a revolution in the ways we understand ourselves and others. Love as an endless ontological striptease will meet the instant nakedness of data.’ In Algorithmic Intimacy: The digital revolution in personal relationships, Elliott, Professor of Sociology at the University of South Australia, develops an urgently needed framework for understanding what has rapidly become the ‘great digital revolution … in which these novel worlds of experience and experimentation make their presence felt in the brave new world of algorithmic modernity’.

Read more: Judith Bishop reviews 'Algorithmic Intimacy: The digital revolution in personal relationships' by...

Write comment (0 Comments)