‘AT NIGHT,’ wrote Charmian Clift one summer in the late 1950s on the Greek island of Hydra where she lived with her husband and children, where the harbour village had been invaded by summer tourists, where teams of local Greek matrons invaded the kitchen in relays to monitor the foreign woman’s housework and mothering techniques, where the water supply was rapidly drying up, where she and her husband George Johnston worked too hard and worried too much about the inadequate royalty cheques that continued to fail to arrive – ‘At night,’ she wrote:

the water slides over your body warm and silky, a mysterious element, unresistant, flowing, yet incredibly buoyant. In the dark you slip through it, unquestionably accepting the night’s mood of grace and silence, a little drugged with wine, a little spellbound with the night, your body mysterious and pale and silent in the mysterious water, and at your slowly moving feet and hands streaming trails of phosphorescence, like streaming trails of stars. Still streaming stars you climb the dark ladder to the dark rock, shaking showers of stars from your very fingertips, most marvellously and mysteriously renewed and whole again.

‘Pagan’ was one of Clift’s husband’s favourite words for her, and one of her favourite words for herself. But it was precisely her own passionate capacity for nature-worship that made her such an empathetic observer of Christianity as practised in Greece. Transcendence and ecstasy were real things for her and, when she uses words like marvel and mystery, that is exactly what she means. ‘In the strange, still world of hot noontime,’ she had written on Kalymnos three years before:

… the burning grey beach is deserted, and the sea is still … Brilliant against the dazzling stairs a barefooted woman climbs slowly up from the sea, her head erect under a pile of black and crimson rugs … Without lifting my eyes I can look directly at the gilded cross surmounting the green dome of Agios Nikolas. The sound of chanting that wells up with the wide ascending stair seems inevitable, a vocal utterance of worship to the source of this pure incandescence that is pouring down on the world – Be still and know that I am God! The fringed brazen standards, the spindly black-ribboned cross are molten gold, drawn to the source of light, defying gravity, flowing up the cracked concrete steps.

Mermaid Singing (HarperCollins, $24.95 pb, 422 pp, 0 7322 6886 9) and Peel Me a Lotus (1959) are Clift’s two ‘Greece’ books, generic hybrids somewhere between ‘travel’ and ‘autobiography’. She wrote them in time stolen from her duties and pleasures as the mother of three small children and the junior partner in the marital, collaborative writing team. These two books have now been published together to form one of two companion volumes to Nadia Wheatley’s biography. The other, Selected Essays (HarperCollins, $24.95 pb, 408 pp, 0 7322 6887 7), contains an assortment of Clift’s columns and articles written between the family’s return from Greece in 1964 and her death five years later. Most of them first appeared in the Sydney Morning Herald, where her weekly column rapidly acquired cult status. In choosing eighty from Clift’s 225 published essays, Wheatley has tried, she says, ‘to give a representative sample of her concerns and interests’.

Peter Goldsworthy, doctor and poet, is a writer of significant style and concision. This new selection of his lyric poetry lives up to its jaunty, graffitied, lavender cover; it bespeaks lightness. And lightness is damned hard work. You don’t get there just by smiling and going to book launches.

The New Selected Poems bears out my harvested sense of his zest and pith. If Andrew Marvell had ever got into free verse, he would surely have delighted in Goldsworthy’s fancy footwork. He could have chuckled at such moments as ‘I prefer late friends / to burn in furnaces, / and not to visit in the night’, or ‘Arithmetic divides / and rules the world’. And he would have registered the gentle undercurrent of sheer mortality that runs bubbling along under the later poet’s unbuttoned ease.

Indeed, Andrew’s Metaphysical chums might have had much in common with Goldsworthy’s habits of mind, above all with that way of thinking that treats science or mathematics as a source of merrily dangerous language games. He now writes one suite of reflections on chemistry and its elements, another around the colours of the spectrum, those wonderful qualities that beguiled most of us in childhood, not to be explained away by physics classes. And when confronted by infinity he can say:

Number eight has fallen on its side,
an hourglass whose clock has stopped,
keeled lengthways, at attention,
like a Guardsman grown faint
with waiting for the count

Reading such lines, one travels easily back to ‘The Definition of Love’, with its famous parallel lines and teased lovers.

Although her work is often surprisingly varied, there is no doubt that when you read a Gwen Harwood poem you enter a highly distinctive poetic world. If it comes from her first twenty-five years of productivity, there is a good chance that you will be in a landscape of psychic melodrama. Everything will be liminal. The setting will be a sunset, the late sun will be flaring a dangerous gold on some intertidal stretch, the protagonist will have awoken from a menacing dream or, pace Kröte, be moving backwards and forwards across the threshold of one. The history of her poetry may be the way this scene increases in intensity as the voices that communicate in dreams increasingly come from figures in Harwood’s own past.

A few weeks ago, I attended the session on ‘What is an Australian Classic?’ during the Sydney Writers’ Festival. My own definition of what makes a classic is a simple one: a book from the past that retains significance, that still entertains and enlightens us, even though we may respond to it in quite different ways from its initial readers. In some cases, of course, classics were not so highly regarded on first publication. Even Gerard Windsor, at the festival, had to concede that Joyce’s Ulysses was a classic; it was of course banned in Australia, and elsewhere, for many years. And one of the eight titles in the first series of A&R Classics, Come in Spinner ($21.95pb, 0 207 19756 3), also received a very mixed reception, as one of its authors, Florence James, remembers in the introduction she wrote in 1988 for the first printing of the unedited version of the novel. In 1951, the Sydney Daily Telegraph called Come in Spinner ‘a muckraking novel fit for the literary dustbin’, even though it had earlier won the newspaper’s own novel competition!